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Living Archive
Defenders.
An open record of human rights defenders across the Middle East and North Africa. Every entry is a case file — dated, sourced, and kept current.
173
Records on
the open archive
87
Currently held
detained · sentenced · on trial
57
In exile or under
transnational repression
11
In memoriam
killed for their work
The Record
Filtered cases
HM-BH-2026-010
Under TNR
Ahmed Shihab-Eldin
Ahmed Shihab-Eldin was detained for 52 days after posting verified footage of a US military jet crash in Kuwait, then stripped of…
Open case file
HM-BH-2026-005
Killed
Sayed Mohammed Al-Mousawi
Arrested at a checkpoint with friends in Muharraq on 19 March 2026, forcibly disappeared, and killed under torture eight days later. His…
Medical urgency
Open case file
HM-BH-2011-001
Imprisoned
Abdulhadi Al-Khawaja
Co-founder of the Bahrain Center for Human Rights, sentenced to life in prison after the 2011 uprising. Tortured, sexually assaulted, and held…
Hunger strike
Day 5,635 · since 2011-01-01
HM-BH-2021-001
Imprisoned
Ahmed Jaafar
Ahmed Jaafar is a Bahraini labour activist serving life imprisonment after Serbia forcibly extradited him in January 2022 despite a binding European…
Day 1,676 · since 2021-11-03
HM-BH-2026-001
Detained
Ahmed Jaafar Mohamed Ali
Ahmed Jaafar Mohamed Ali was extradited from Serbia to Bahrain in 2021 despite a binding European Court order. Convicted in absentia after…
Open case file
HM-BH-2025-001
Released
Ali Al Hajee
Ali Al Hajee was arrested in March 2025 after posting criticism of Formula 1 testing in Bahrain on social media. He was…
Arrested 2025
HM-BH-2011-003
Sentenced
Hassan Mushaima
Hassan Mushaima is a leading Bahraini opposition figure sentenced to life in prison after the 2011 mass protests. Now held in prolonged…
Medical urgency
Day 5,635 · since 2011-01-01
HM-BH-2026-002
Detained
Hussain Moosa
Hussain Moosa is detained in Bahrain. Further biographical and case details are under editorial research.
Open case file
HM-BH-2011-004
Imprisoned
Mohammed Habib Al-Muqdad
Mohammed Habib Al-Muqdad is a Bahraini Shia cleric and social activist who supported peaceful calls for reform in 2011. Arrested, disappeared, tortured,…
Medical urgency
Day 5,545 · since 2011-04-01
HM-BH-2014-001
Sentenced
Mohammed Ramadan
Mohammed Ramadan was sentenced to death in Bahrain in connection with a 2014 bombing in Al-Dair. His case has raised serious concerns…
Day 4,508 · since 2014-02-01
HM-BH-2025-002
Sentenced
Ebrahim Sharif
Ebrahim Sharif is a senior member of Bahrain's National Democratic Action Society. Since 2011 he has been arrested at least ten times…
Day 206 · since 2025-11-12
HM-BH-2011-002
Imprisoned
Abduljalil Al-Singace
Bahraini academic and human rights defender serving life imprisonment since 2011. On a liquid-only hunger strike since July 2021 in protest at…
Hunger strike
Day 5,560 · since 2011-03-17