AHMED
ISSA QATAN

Background and Work

Ahmed Issa Qatan is an environmental rights defender and technical specialist in seawater desalination. His professional background gave him a detailed understanding of the Dhofar Plain's ecological systems — the coastal stretch in southern Oman where desert, grassland, and ocean converge. For years he advocated publicly for the preservation of green areas and natural heritage in the Dhofar Governorate, particularly the protection of land used for traditional camel grazing and the conservation of biodiversity in the region.

Qatan's activism centred on transparency and environmental accountability. He used social media, particularly Twitter, to educate the public about the ecological consequences of development policies and to challenge government decisions that he believed threatened the region's natural heritage.

The Ministerial Decree and Public Advocacy

In early 2021, Mohammed Bin Sultan Bin Hamoud Al-Busaidi, Minister of State and Governor of Dhofar, issued a decree that included a ban on camel grazing in parts of the Dhofar Plain. The stated purpose was to facilitate construction of residential complexes. The decree triggered immediate concern among environmental advocates and pastoralist communities who viewed the plain as both ecologically fragile and culturally significant.

Qatan responded with a series of tweets from his personal account. He outlined the environmental importance of the coastal plain, critiqued the transfer of land to housing projects, and urged the authorities to annul the decree. His posts were technical in tone, grounded in his expertise, and framed as a call for policy reversal rather than personal criticism.

Arrest and Charges

On 23 February 2021, Qatan was summoned to appear at the Special Division of the Salalah Police Command. When he arrived, officers of the Internal Security Service arrested him. During subsequent interrogations, he was denied access to legal counsel.

The following day, 24 February, the Public Prosecutor formally charged him with "using social media in a way that would prejudice public order." He was ordered held in pre-trial detention for two weeks at the detention centre of the Dhofar Governorate Police Command's Directorate of Criminal Inquiries and Investigation in Salalah. The charge was based entirely on his Twitter posts concerning the ministerial decree.

Legal Proceedings

The first hearing in Qatan's case was scheduled for 8 March 2021. The source material does not document subsequent trial proceedings, verdict, or release date. The legal basis for the charge — Oman's broad provisions criminalising speech deemed harmful to public order — has been used repeatedly against activists, journalists, and critics of government policy.

The denial of access to his lawyer during the initial interrogation violated fair-trial guarantees. The two-week remand order, issued immediately after charges were filed, extended his detention without judicial review of the necessity or proportionality of custody.

Context and Patterns

Qatan's detention followed a well-established pattern in Oman of using vague national-security and public-order provisions to criminalise peaceful dissent. Environmental defenders, in particular, have faced judicial harassment when their advocacy challenges state-sponsored development projects or exposes ecological harm linked to government policy.

The case also illustrates the narrowing space for civil society criticism in Oman. By 2021, social media had become one of the few remaining platforms for public debate, and authorities responded by expanding surveillance and prosecution of online speech. Qatan's arrest for tweets about land use and environmental policy underscored the state's unwillingness to tolerate even technical, policy-focused critique.